Exerc Sport Sci Rev. 2019 Apr;47(2):66-74.
 

Key Points

• Insulin resistance in the skeletal muscle and brain vasculatures represents a unifying pathology linking metabolic, neuro-, and vascular diseases.

• Routine physical activity (PA) is an effective therapeutic approach to optimize vascular insulin signaling in the skeletal muscle and brain.

• PA that involves a large skeletal muscle mass and modulates intensity to recruit more muscle fibers within each muscle,as well as requires a significant central neural recruitment, will maximize vascular adaptations that promote vascular insulinsensitivity in the skeletal muscle and brain.

• Future research should focus on whether vasometabolic andvasoneural treatment outcomes in preclinical and clinical populations with insulin resistance are improved when suchmechanistic concepts are integrated into prescriptive-based PA interventions.

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